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Original Article
Vision-Based Real-Time Helmet Recognition and Automated Bike Ignition Control Using YOLO for Enhanced Road Safety
Nithyashree N Raj1
Manojkumar S B2
Nisarga A N3
Nihar S4
Srividya C N5
1 2 3 4 5 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, BGS Institute of Technology, B G Nagara, Karnataka, India.
Published Online: May-June 2026
Pages: 128-135
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijsreat.20260603018
References
1]. World Health Organization, Global Status Report on Road Safety, Geneva, Switzerland, 2023.
[2]. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India, Road Accidents in India Annual Report, New Delhi, India, 2023.
[3]. J. Redmon, S. Divvala, R. Girshick, and A. Farhadi, “You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detection,” in Proceedings of
the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Las Vegas, USA, 2016, pp. 779–788.
[4]. A. Bochkovskiy, C. Y. Wang, and H. Y. M. Liao, “YOLOv4: Optimal Speed and Accuracy of Object Detection,” arXiv preprint
arXiv:2004.10934, 2020.
[5]. G. Jocher et al., “YOLO by Ultralytics,” Ultralytics Official Website, accessed May 2026.[6]. S. Ren, K. He, R. Girshick, and J. Sun, “Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks,” IEEE
Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1137–1149, 2017.
[7]. M. A. Hossain, M. Rahman, and S. Biswas, “Real-Time Helmet Detection Using Deep Learning for Motorcyclist Safety,” International
Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 183, no. 12, pp. 15–21, 2021.
[8]. P. Viola and M. Jones, “Rapid Object Detection Using a Boosted Cascade of Simple Features,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Conference
on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Hawaii, USA, 2001, pp. 511–518.
[9]. A. Krizhevsky, I. Sutskever, and G. E. Hinton, “ImageNet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks,” Communications
of the ACM, vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 84–90, 2017.
[10]. N. Dalal and B. Triggs, “Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer
Vision and Pattern Recognition, San Diego, USA, 2005, pp. 886–893.
[11]. R. Szeliski, Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, Springer, London, United Kingdom, 2011.
[12]. ESPRESSIF Systems, ESP32-CAM Official Documentation, accessed May 2026.
[13]. Telegram Messenger LLP, Telegram Official Website, accessed May 2026.
[14]. Arduino, Arduino Official Website, accessed May 2026.
[15]. A. Howard et al., “MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications,” arXiv preprint
arXiv:1704.04861, 2017.
[2]. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India, Road Accidents in India Annual Report, New Delhi, India, 2023.
[3]. J. Redmon, S. Divvala, R. Girshick, and A. Farhadi, “You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detection,” in Proceedings of
the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Las Vegas, USA, 2016, pp. 779–788.
[4]. A. Bochkovskiy, C. Y. Wang, and H. Y. M. Liao, “YOLOv4: Optimal Speed and Accuracy of Object Detection,” arXiv preprint
arXiv:2004.10934, 2020.
[5]. G. Jocher et al., “YOLO by Ultralytics,” Ultralytics Official Website, accessed May 2026.[6]. S. Ren, K. He, R. Girshick, and J. Sun, “Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks,” IEEE
Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1137–1149, 2017.
[7]. M. A. Hossain, M. Rahman, and S. Biswas, “Real-Time Helmet Detection Using Deep Learning for Motorcyclist Safety,” International
Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 183, no. 12, pp. 15–21, 2021.
[8]. P. Viola and M. Jones, “Rapid Object Detection Using a Boosted Cascade of Simple Features,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Conference
on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Hawaii, USA, 2001, pp. 511–518.
[9]. A. Krizhevsky, I. Sutskever, and G. E. Hinton, “ImageNet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks,” Communications
of the ACM, vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 84–90, 2017.
[10]. N. Dalal and B. Triggs, “Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer
Vision and Pattern Recognition, San Diego, USA, 2005, pp. 886–893.
[11]. R. Szeliski, Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, Springer, London, United Kingdom, 2011.
[12]. ESPRESSIF Systems, ESP32-CAM Official Documentation, accessed May 2026.
[13]. Telegram Messenger LLP, Telegram Official Website, accessed May 2026.
[14]. Arduino, Arduino Official Website, accessed May 2026.
[15]. A. Howard et al., “MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications,” arXiv preprint
arXiv:1704.04861, 2017.
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