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Original Article
Paw Safe: An Extensive Technology-Driven Framework for Stray Dog Rescue, Healthcare Management, Community Engagement, and Smart Urban Governance
Rajkumar R1
M Dhanush2
Mallikarjun RK3
Naveen Kumar N4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, RajaRajeswari college of Engineering Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. 2 3 4 Department of CSE, Raja Rajeswari college of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Published Online: January-February 2026
Pages: 20-24
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijsreat.20260601004
References
1. World Health Organization (WHO), Rabies and Animal Welfare in Urban Areas. [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int. Accessed: 2025.
2. Humane Society International (HSI), Street Dog Welfare and Community Programs. [Online]. Available: https://www.hsi.org. Accessed:
2025.
3. Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI), Guidelines for the Management of Stray Dogs. [Online]. Available: http://awbi.gov.in. Accessed:
2025.
4. PETA India, Stray Dog Care and Rescue Initiatives. [Online]. Available: https://www.petaindia.com. Accessed: 2025.
5. A. Singh and R. Sharma, “Technology-enabled solutions for stray animal management in Indian cities,” Int. J. Innov. Res. Comput. Commun.
Eng., 2021.
6. V. Nagarajan, Mobile Applications for Animal Rescue and Welfare: A Review. Springer Nature, 2020.
7. A. Bhattacharjee et al., “‘Stray appetites’: A socio-ecological analysis of free-ranging dogs living alongside human communities in
Bangalore, India,” Urban Ecosystems, vol. 24, pp. 1245–1258, 2021.
8. S. Tiwari et al., “Community perception regarding rabies prevention and stray dog control in urban slums in India,” PubMed, 2013.
9. R. Kaur et al., “Stray dogs and public health: Population estimation in Punjab, India,” PubMed, 2022.
10. P. Mehta et al., “Attitudes towards urban stray cats and managing their population in India: A pilot study,” PubMed, 2023.
11. A. Bhattacharjee et al., “A tale of two species: How humans shape dog behaviour in urban habitats,” arXiv, 2019.
12. Drishti IAS, “Stray dog management in India: Balancing public safety and animal welfare,” Daily Update/Analysis, 2025.
13. World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), Stray Dog Population Management. [Online]. Available: https://www.woah.org. Accessed:
2025.
14. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Dog Population Management and Rabies Control. FAO Animal Production and Health Report,
2019.
15. S. Cleaveland et al., “The role of domestic dogs in the epidemiology of rabies,” Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B, vol. 356, no. 1411, pp. 959–969,
2001.
16. J. Totton et al., “Stray dog population demographics and public health implications,” Prev. Vet. Med., vol. 98, no. 4, pp. 310–319, 2011.
17. M. Hiby and L. Hiby, “Dog population management through sterilization: A global perspective,” Rev. Sci. Tech., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 207–
218, 2017.
18. R. Jackman and A. Rowan, “Free-roaming dogs in developing countries: Public health and welfare challenges,” J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc.,
vol. 235, no. 11, pp. 1232–1238, 2009.
19. K. Lembo et al., “The feasibility of canine rabies elimination in Africa and Asia,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., vol. 107, no. 34, pp. 14927–14932,
2010.
20. N. Taylor, “Human–animal interactions and urban animal welfare management,” Animals, vol. 10, no. 4, 2020.
2. Humane Society International (HSI), Street Dog Welfare and Community Programs. [Online]. Available: https://www.hsi.org. Accessed:
2025.
3. Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI), Guidelines for the Management of Stray Dogs. [Online]. Available: http://awbi.gov.in. Accessed:
2025.
4. PETA India, Stray Dog Care and Rescue Initiatives. [Online]. Available: https://www.petaindia.com. Accessed: 2025.
5. A. Singh and R. Sharma, “Technology-enabled solutions for stray animal management in Indian cities,” Int. J. Innov. Res. Comput. Commun.
Eng., 2021.
6. V. Nagarajan, Mobile Applications for Animal Rescue and Welfare: A Review. Springer Nature, 2020.
7. A. Bhattacharjee et al., “‘Stray appetites’: A socio-ecological analysis of free-ranging dogs living alongside human communities in
Bangalore, India,” Urban Ecosystems, vol. 24, pp. 1245–1258, 2021.
8. S. Tiwari et al., “Community perception regarding rabies prevention and stray dog control in urban slums in India,” PubMed, 2013.
9. R. Kaur et al., “Stray dogs and public health: Population estimation in Punjab, India,” PubMed, 2022.
10. P. Mehta et al., “Attitudes towards urban stray cats and managing their population in India: A pilot study,” PubMed, 2023.
11. A. Bhattacharjee et al., “A tale of two species: How humans shape dog behaviour in urban habitats,” arXiv, 2019.
12. Drishti IAS, “Stray dog management in India: Balancing public safety and animal welfare,” Daily Update/Analysis, 2025.
13. World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), Stray Dog Population Management. [Online]. Available: https://www.woah.org. Accessed:
2025.
14. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Dog Population Management and Rabies Control. FAO Animal Production and Health Report,
2019.
15. S. Cleaveland et al., “The role of domestic dogs in the epidemiology of rabies,” Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B, vol. 356, no. 1411, pp. 959–969,
2001.
16. J. Totton et al., “Stray dog population demographics and public health implications,” Prev. Vet. Med., vol. 98, no. 4, pp. 310–319, 2011.
17. M. Hiby and L. Hiby, “Dog population management through sterilization: A global perspective,” Rev. Sci. Tech., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 207–
218, 2017.
18. R. Jackman and A. Rowan, “Free-roaming dogs in developing countries: Public health and welfare challenges,” J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc.,
vol. 235, no. 11, pp. 1232–1238, 2009.
19. K. Lembo et al., “The feasibility of canine rabies elimination in Africa and Asia,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., vol. 107, no. 34, pp. 14927–14932,
2010.
20. N. Taylor, “Human–animal interactions and urban animal welfare management,” Animals, vol. 10, no. 4, 2020.
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