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Original Article
Dual-Regulator Convergence: 11-Pillar Architecture for G-SIB Consent Order Remediation
Mohan Kumar Sonne Gowda1
1 Senior Audit Manager, HSBC Bank N.A., USA.
Published Online: November-December 2025
Pages: 202-208
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijsreat.20250506030
References
1. “OCC Issues $400 Million Civil Penalty in Consent Order with Citibank Over Risk and Data Governance”, October 08, 2020, https://www.balch.com/insights/publications/2020/10/occ-issues-400-million-civil-penalty-in-consent-or.
2. “Enforcement Action Types”, https://www.occ.gov/topics/laws-and-regulations/enforcement-actions/enforcement-action-types/index-enforcement-action-types.html.
3. “Silicon Valley Bank: A Failure in Risk Management”, Clifford Rossi, March 14, 2023, https://www.garp.org/risk-intelligence/market/silicon-valley-bank-031423.
4. “OCC and FDIC Each Propose Policy Statements Focused on Greater Scrutiny of Bank Merger Transactions”, Robert C. Azarow, David F. Freeman, Jr. Amber A. Hay, Michael A. Mancusi, Sonia Kuester Pfaffenroth, Kevin M. Toomey, Anthony Raglani, March 26, 2024, https://www.arnoldporter.com/en/perspectives/advisories/2024/03/occ-and-fdic-scrutiny-of-bank-merger-transactions.
5. “OCC, Fed fine Citi $136M for repeated risk management, data governance failures”, Aaron Nicodemus, Jul 11, 2024, https://www.complianceweek.com/regulatory-enforcement/occ-fed-fine-citi-136m-for-repeated-risk-management-data-governance-failures/35079.article.
6. “Observing Enforcement: Evidence from Banking”, Anya Kleymenova, Rimmy E. Tomy, July 27, 2021, https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2021049pap.pdf.
7. “Supervisory enforcement actions and bank deposits”, Manthos D. Delis, Panagiotis K. Staikouras, Chris Tsoumas, September 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2019.05.024.
8. “Enforcement against the Biggest Banks”, David Zaring, March 2021, https://doi.org/10.1093/jfr/fjab005.
9. “Social Externalities of Bank Enforcement Actions: The Case of Minority Lending “, Byeongchan An, Robert Bushman, Anya Kleymenova, Rimmy E. Tomy, April 28, 2022, https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2022036pap.pdf.
10. “The real effects of banking supervision: Evidence from enforcement actions”, Piotr Danisewicz, Danny McGowan, Enrico Onali, Klaus Schaeck, 25 Oct 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfi.2016.10.003.
11. “Compliance Metrics and KPIs For Measuring Compliance Effectiveness”, Libby Bevin, October 31, 2023, https://www.zengrc.com/blog/kpis-for-measuring-compliance-effectiveness/.
12. “Business KPIs Based on Compliance Risk Estimation”, Olegs Cernisevs, Yelena Popova, Dmitrijs Cernisevs, 19 November 2023, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/91c3/a500e0d92b3652412852f68f3d94ff73d696.pdf.
2. “Enforcement Action Types”, https://www.occ.gov/topics/laws-and-regulations/enforcement-actions/enforcement-action-types/index-enforcement-action-types.html.
3. “Silicon Valley Bank: A Failure in Risk Management”, Clifford Rossi, March 14, 2023, https://www.garp.org/risk-intelligence/market/silicon-valley-bank-031423.
4. “OCC and FDIC Each Propose Policy Statements Focused on Greater Scrutiny of Bank Merger Transactions”, Robert C. Azarow, David F. Freeman, Jr. Amber A. Hay, Michael A. Mancusi, Sonia Kuester Pfaffenroth, Kevin M. Toomey, Anthony Raglani, March 26, 2024, https://www.arnoldporter.com/en/perspectives/advisories/2024/03/occ-and-fdic-scrutiny-of-bank-merger-transactions.
5. “OCC, Fed fine Citi $136M for repeated risk management, data governance failures”, Aaron Nicodemus, Jul 11, 2024, https://www.complianceweek.com/regulatory-enforcement/occ-fed-fine-citi-136m-for-repeated-risk-management-data-governance-failures/35079.article.
6. “Observing Enforcement: Evidence from Banking”, Anya Kleymenova, Rimmy E. Tomy, July 27, 2021, https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2021049pap.pdf.
7. “Supervisory enforcement actions and bank deposits”, Manthos D. Delis, Panagiotis K. Staikouras, Chris Tsoumas, September 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2019.05.024.
8. “Enforcement against the Biggest Banks”, David Zaring, March 2021, https://doi.org/10.1093/jfr/fjab005.
9. “Social Externalities of Bank Enforcement Actions: The Case of Minority Lending “, Byeongchan An, Robert Bushman, Anya Kleymenova, Rimmy E. Tomy, April 28, 2022, https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2022036pap.pdf.
10. “The real effects of banking supervision: Evidence from enforcement actions”, Piotr Danisewicz, Danny McGowan, Enrico Onali, Klaus Schaeck, 25 Oct 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfi.2016.10.003.
11. “Compliance Metrics and KPIs For Measuring Compliance Effectiveness”, Libby Bevin, October 31, 2023, https://www.zengrc.com/blog/kpis-for-measuring-compliance-effectiveness/.
12. “Business KPIs Based on Compliance Risk Estimation”, Olegs Cernisevs, Yelena Popova, Dmitrijs Cernisevs, 19 November 2023, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/91c3/a500e0d92b3652412852f68f3d94ff73d696.pdf.
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