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Original Article
Innovating Smartphone Aesthetics: Dynamic Electrochromic Back Panels for Personalization and Sustainability
Asmi Mahajan1
International Delhi Public School, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Published Online: September-October 2025
Pages: 66-72
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijsreat.20250505012
References
1. AndroidPolice. “Vivo Has Built a Color-Changing Phone Prototype Using Electrochromic Glass.” 4 Sept. 2020.
2. Baldé, C. P., V. Forti, V. Gray, R. Kuehr, and P. Stegmann. The Global E-Waste Monitor 2017: Quantities, Flows, and Resources. United
Nations University, International Telecommunication Union, and International Solid Waste Association, 2017.
3. Bonaccorso, F., Z. Sun, T. Hasan, and A. C. Ferrari. “Graphene Photonics and Optoelectronics.” Nature Photonics, vol. 4, no. 9, 2010, pp.
611–622.
4. Chen, J., Y. Zhou, and W. Zhang. “Electrochromic Technologies: Materials and Applications.” Advanced Materials Research, vol. 118,
2019, pp. 151–157.
5. Ellen MacArthur Foundation. Circular Economy in Electronics: Time for a Re-boot. Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2021.
6. Granqvist, C. G. “Electrochromics for Smart Windows: Oxide-Based Thin Films and Devices.” Thin Solid Films, vol. 564, no. 1, 2014, pp.
1–38.
7. Guo, Y., H. Li, and X. Zhang. “Application of Electrochromic Materials in Modern Design.” Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 56, no. 7,
2021, pp. 1054–1065.
8. Kötz, R., and M. Carlen. “Principles and Applications of Electrochromic Devices.” Electrochimica Acta, vol. 45, no. 15–16, 2000, pp. 2483–
2498.
9. Kumar, S., and R. Gupta. “Advancements in Electrochromic Materials for Consumer Devices.” Journal of Smart Materials, 2023.
10. Menon, A. “OnePlus Unveils a New Concept That Can Change How We Interact with Smartphones Altogether.” MensXP, 4 Sept. 2020.
11. MightyGadget. “Infinix E-Color Shift 2.0 Review.” 15 Mar. 2023.
12. Mortimer, R. J. “Electrochromic Materials.” Annual Review of Materials Research, vol. 41, 2011, pp. 241–268.
13. Sapp, S. A., G. A. Sotzing, and J. R. Reynolds. “Polymer Electrochromic Devices for Multicolor Display Applications.” Chemistry of
Materials, vol. 14, no. 12, 2002, pp. 4924–4930.
14. Smith, A. “Cost Analysis of Emerging Smartphone Technologies.” IEEE Publications, 2022.
15. Statista. Plastic Waste Generated by Smartphone Cases Worldwide. 2023.
16. United Nations Environment Programme. Global E-Waste Monitor 2022. UNEP, 2022.
17. XDA Developers. “Vivo Has Built a Color-Changing Phone Prototype Using Electrochromic Glass.” 4 Sept. 2020.
18. Zhao, L., et al. Eco-Friendly Alternatives in Material Sciences. Springer, 2021
2. Baldé, C. P., V. Forti, V. Gray, R. Kuehr, and P. Stegmann. The Global E-Waste Monitor 2017: Quantities, Flows, and Resources. United
Nations University, International Telecommunication Union, and International Solid Waste Association, 2017.
3. Bonaccorso, F., Z. Sun, T. Hasan, and A. C. Ferrari. “Graphene Photonics and Optoelectronics.” Nature Photonics, vol. 4, no. 9, 2010, pp.
611–622.
4. Chen, J., Y. Zhou, and W. Zhang. “Electrochromic Technologies: Materials and Applications.” Advanced Materials Research, vol. 118,
2019, pp. 151–157.
5. Ellen MacArthur Foundation. Circular Economy in Electronics: Time for a Re-boot. Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2021.
6. Granqvist, C. G. “Electrochromics for Smart Windows: Oxide-Based Thin Films and Devices.” Thin Solid Films, vol. 564, no. 1, 2014, pp.
1–38.
7. Guo, Y., H. Li, and X. Zhang. “Application of Electrochromic Materials in Modern Design.” Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 56, no. 7,
2021, pp. 1054–1065.
8. Kötz, R., and M. Carlen. “Principles and Applications of Electrochromic Devices.” Electrochimica Acta, vol. 45, no. 15–16, 2000, pp. 2483–
2498.
9. Kumar, S., and R. Gupta. “Advancements in Electrochromic Materials for Consumer Devices.” Journal of Smart Materials, 2023.
10. Menon, A. “OnePlus Unveils a New Concept That Can Change How We Interact with Smartphones Altogether.” MensXP, 4 Sept. 2020.
11. MightyGadget. “Infinix E-Color Shift 2.0 Review.” 15 Mar. 2023.
12. Mortimer, R. J. “Electrochromic Materials.” Annual Review of Materials Research, vol. 41, 2011, pp. 241–268.
13. Sapp, S. A., G. A. Sotzing, and J. R. Reynolds. “Polymer Electrochromic Devices for Multicolor Display Applications.” Chemistry of
Materials, vol. 14, no. 12, 2002, pp. 4924–4930.
14. Smith, A. “Cost Analysis of Emerging Smartphone Technologies.” IEEE Publications, 2022.
15. Statista. Plastic Waste Generated by Smartphone Cases Worldwide. 2023.
16. United Nations Environment Programme. Global E-Waste Monitor 2022. UNEP, 2022.
17. XDA Developers. “Vivo Has Built a Color-Changing Phone Prototype Using Electrochromic Glass.” 4 Sept. 2020.
18. Zhao, L., et al. Eco-Friendly Alternatives in Material Sciences. Springer, 2021
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