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Original Article
Experimental Evaluation and Comparision of Mechanical Properties of Bio-Based Polymer Composites Reinforced with Calotropis Gigantea and Sisal Fiber
Reeti Mukherjee1
M Madhavi2
A Krishnaiah3
1Research scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University,Hyderabad, Telangana, India. 2Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, MVSR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. 3Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad,Telangana, India.
Published Online: May-June 2025
Pages: 93-100
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijsreat.20250503012References
1. MUNISAMY, Sakthivel & S, Ramesh. (2013). Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibre (Banana, Coir, Sisal) Polymer Composites. SCIENCE
PARK, ISSN: 2321-8045. 1. 1-6.
2. Ganesh R Kalagi, Rajashekar Patil, Narayan Nayak, Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer
Composite Materials for Wind Turbine Blades, Materials Today: Proceedings, Volume 5, Issue 1, Part 3, 2018, Pages 2588-2596, ISSN
2214-7853, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.043.
3. Velusamy, Kalpana & Navaneethakrishnan, P. & Vendan, S. Arungalai & Saravana, Kumar. (2014). Experimental Investigations to
Evaluate the Mechanical Properties and Behavior of Raw and Alkali Treated King’s Crown (Calotropis Gigantea) Fiber to be Employed
for Fabricating Fiber Composite. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 598. 73-77. 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.598.73.
4. Velmurugan Ganesan, Vigneshwaran Shanmugam, Vasudevan Alagumalai, Babu Kaliyamoorthy, Oisik Das, Manjusri Misra, Optimisation
of mechanical behaviour of Calotropis gigantea and Prosopis juliflora natural fibre-based hybrid composites by using Taguchi-Grey
relational analysis, Composites Part C: Open Access, Volume 13, 2024, 100433, ISSN 2666-6820,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2024.100433.
5. A. Suresh, A. Devaraju, L. Jayakumar, Analysis of the mechanical and wear properties of Calotropis Gigantea Stem Fiber/Flax Fiber as
reinforcement epoxy hybrid composites, Materials Today: Proceedings, Volume 39, Part 1, 2021, Pages 827-833, ISSN 2214-7853,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.09.810.R.S.
6. KG A, GK SK, K K, Damodaran A, Chidambaranathan B. Calotropis gigantea stem fiber reinforced thermoset plastics: Interlaminar shear
strength and related tribo-mechanical properties. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials:
Design and Applications. 2022;237(4):886-905. doi:10.1177/14644207221129292
7. R. Jeyapragash, V. Srinivasan1 and S. Sathiyamurthy(2020). “Tensile, Flexural And Impact Behaviors Of Particulate/Calotropis Gigantea
Stem Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites” Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 32(12), Vol. 15. ISSN 1819-6608.
8. Ashori A, Bahreini Z. Evaluation of Calotropis gigantea as a Promising Raw Material for Fiber-reinforced Composite. Journal of
Composite Materials. 2009;43(11):1297-1304. doi:10.1177/0021998308104526
9. Salman, M., Zondi, Z., Mashuga, M., Bahadur, I., Kumar, S., Haque, J., Pandey, S., Mohammad, F. and El-khlifi, A. (2025), Calotropis
procera Latex Extract as an Effective Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acidic Medium: Experimental and Quantum Chemical
Approaches. Asia-Pac J Chem Eng e70010. https://doi.org/10.1002/apj.70010.
10. Alvarez V, Vazquez A, Bernal C. Effect of Microstructure on the Tensile and Fracture Properties of Sisal Fiber/Starch-based
Composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2006;40(1):21-35. doi:10.1177/0021998305053508
11. Ghamsari AK, Zegeye E, Woldesenbet E. Viscoelastic properties of syntactic foam reinforced with short sisal fibers. Journal of Composite
Materials. 2013;49(1):27-34. doi:10.1177/0021998313514258
12. Alvarez VA, Ruscekaite RA, Vazquez A. Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption Behavior of Composites Made from a Biodegradable
Matrix and Alkaline-Treated Sisal Fibers. Journal of Composite Materials. 2003;37(17):1575-1588. doi:10.1177/0021998303035180
13. Saada K, Amroune S, Zaoui M, Jawaid M, Benarioua M, Farsi C. Optimizing water Absorption’s influence on composite mechanics through
response surface methodology. Journal of Composite Materials. 2024;58(21):2327-2341. doi:10.1177/00219983241264357
14. Kalaprasad G, Joseph K, Thomas S. Influence of Short Glass Fiber Addition on the Mechanical Properties of Sisal Reinforced Low Density
Polyethylene Composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 1997;31(5):509-527. doi:10.1177/002199839703100504
15. Silva RV, Voltz H, Filho AI, Xavier Milagre M, Carvalho Machado C de S. Hybrid composites with glass fiber and natural fibers of sisal,
coir, and luffa sponge. Journal of Composite Materials. 2020;55(5):717-728. doi:10.1177/0021998320957725
16. Teixeira LA, Doca T, Maria da Luz S. Tensile creep performance of unidirectional sisal/epoxy composites under different curing conditions.
Journal of Composite Materials. 2025;0(0). doi:10.1177/00219983251328967
17. Ashok Kumar M, Ramachandra Reddy G, Siva Bharathi Y, Venkata Naidu S, Naga Prasad Naidu V. Frictional Coefficient, Hardness,
Impact Strength, and Chemical Resistance of Reinforced Sisal-Glass Fiber Epoxy Hybrid Composites. Journal of Composite Materials.
2010;44(26):3195-3202. doi:10.1177/0021998310371551
18. Rong MZ, Zhang MQ, Liu Y, Zhang ZW, Yang GC, Zeng HM. Effect of Stitching on In-Plane and Interlaminar Properties of Sisal/Epoxy
Laminates. Journal of Composite Materials. 2002;36(12):1505-1526. doi:10.1177/0021998302036012163
19. Tita S, Medeiros R, Tarpani J, Frollini E, Tita V. Chemical modification of sugarcane bagasse and sisal fibers using hydroxymethylated
lignin: Influence on impact strength and water absorption of phenolic composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2018;52(20):2743-
2753. doi:10.1177/0021998317753886
20. Vallo C, Kenny JM, Vazquez A, Cyras VP. Effect of Chemical Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Starch-Based Blends Reinforced
with Sisal Fibre. Journal of Composite Materials. 2004;38(16):1387-1399. doi:10.1177/0021998304042738
21. Jacob M, Thomas S, Varughese KT. Novel Woven Sisal Fabric Reinforced Natural Rubber Composites: Tensile and Swelling
Characteristics. Journal of Composite Materials. 2006;40(16):1471-1485. doi:10.1177/0021998306059731
22. Saxena M, Morchhale RK, Asokan P, Prasad BK. Plant Fiber — Industrial Waste Reinforced Polymer Composites as a Potential Wood
Substitute Material. Journal of Composite Materials. 2008;42(4):367-384. doi:10.1177/0021998307087014
23. Das D, Mukhopadhyay S, Kaur H. Optimization of fiber composition in natural fiber-reinforced composites using a simplex lattice design.
Journal of Composite Materials. 2012;46(26):3311-3319. doi:10.1177/0021998312437801
24. Pengfei N, Xiaojun W, Baoying L, Shengru L, Jie Y. Melting and nonisothermal crystallization behavior of polypropylene/hemp fiber
composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2011;46(2):203-210. doi:10.1177/0021998311410494
PARK, ISSN: 2321-8045. 1. 1-6.
2. Ganesh R Kalagi, Rajashekar Patil, Narayan Nayak, Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer
Composite Materials for Wind Turbine Blades, Materials Today: Proceedings, Volume 5, Issue 1, Part 3, 2018, Pages 2588-2596, ISSN
2214-7853, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.043.
3. Velusamy, Kalpana & Navaneethakrishnan, P. & Vendan, S. Arungalai & Saravana, Kumar. (2014). Experimental Investigations to
Evaluate the Mechanical Properties and Behavior of Raw and Alkali Treated King’s Crown (Calotropis Gigantea) Fiber to be Employed
for Fabricating Fiber Composite. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 598. 73-77. 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.598.73.
4. Velmurugan Ganesan, Vigneshwaran Shanmugam, Vasudevan Alagumalai, Babu Kaliyamoorthy, Oisik Das, Manjusri Misra, Optimisation
of mechanical behaviour of Calotropis gigantea and Prosopis juliflora natural fibre-based hybrid composites by using Taguchi-Grey
relational analysis, Composites Part C: Open Access, Volume 13, 2024, 100433, ISSN 2666-6820,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2024.100433.
5. A. Suresh, A. Devaraju, L. Jayakumar, Analysis of the mechanical and wear properties of Calotropis Gigantea Stem Fiber/Flax Fiber as
reinforcement epoxy hybrid composites, Materials Today: Proceedings, Volume 39, Part 1, 2021, Pages 827-833, ISSN 2214-7853,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.09.810.R.S.
6. KG A, GK SK, K K, Damodaran A, Chidambaranathan B. Calotropis gigantea stem fiber reinforced thermoset plastics: Interlaminar shear
strength and related tribo-mechanical properties. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials:
Design and Applications. 2022;237(4):886-905. doi:10.1177/14644207221129292
7. R. Jeyapragash, V. Srinivasan1 and S. Sathiyamurthy(2020). “Tensile, Flexural And Impact Behaviors Of Particulate/Calotropis Gigantea
Stem Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites” Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 32(12), Vol. 15. ISSN 1819-6608.
8. Ashori A, Bahreini Z. Evaluation of Calotropis gigantea as a Promising Raw Material for Fiber-reinforced Composite. Journal of
Composite Materials. 2009;43(11):1297-1304. doi:10.1177/0021998308104526
9. Salman, M., Zondi, Z., Mashuga, M., Bahadur, I., Kumar, S., Haque, J., Pandey, S., Mohammad, F. and El-khlifi, A. (2025), Calotropis
procera Latex Extract as an Effective Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acidic Medium: Experimental and Quantum Chemical
Approaches. Asia-Pac J Chem Eng e70010. https://doi.org/10.1002/apj.70010.
10. Alvarez V, Vazquez A, Bernal C. Effect of Microstructure on the Tensile and Fracture Properties of Sisal Fiber/Starch-based
Composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2006;40(1):21-35. doi:10.1177/0021998305053508
11. Ghamsari AK, Zegeye E, Woldesenbet E. Viscoelastic properties of syntactic foam reinforced with short sisal fibers. Journal of Composite
Materials. 2013;49(1):27-34. doi:10.1177/0021998313514258
12. Alvarez VA, Ruscekaite RA, Vazquez A. Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption Behavior of Composites Made from a Biodegradable
Matrix and Alkaline-Treated Sisal Fibers. Journal of Composite Materials. 2003;37(17):1575-1588. doi:10.1177/0021998303035180
13. Saada K, Amroune S, Zaoui M, Jawaid M, Benarioua M, Farsi C. Optimizing water Absorption’s influence on composite mechanics through
response surface methodology. Journal of Composite Materials. 2024;58(21):2327-2341. doi:10.1177/00219983241264357
14. Kalaprasad G, Joseph K, Thomas S. Influence of Short Glass Fiber Addition on the Mechanical Properties of Sisal Reinforced Low Density
Polyethylene Composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 1997;31(5):509-527. doi:10.1177/002199839703100504
15. Silva RV, Voltz H, Filho AI, Xavier Milagre M, Carvalho Machado C de S. Hybrid composites with glass fiber and natural fibers of sisal,
coir, and luffa sponge. Journal of Composite Materials. 2020;55(5):717-728. doi:10.1177/0021998320957725
16. Teixeira LA, Doca T, Maria da Luz S. Tensile creep performance of unidirectional sisal/epoxy composites under different curing conditions.
Journal of Composite Materials. 2025;0(0). doi:10.1177/00219983251328967
17. Ashok Kumar M, Ramachandra Reddy G, Siva Bharathi Y, Venkata Naidu S, Naga Prasad Naidu V. Frictional Coefficient, Hardness,
Impact Strength, and Chemical Resistance of Reinforced Sisal-Glass Fiber Epoxy Hybrid Composites. Journal of Composite Materials.
2010;44(26):3195-3202. doi:10.1177/0021998310371551
18. Rong MZ, Zhang MQ, Liu Y, Zhang ZW, Yang GC, Zeng HM. Effect of Stitching on In-Plane and Interlaminar Properties of Sisal/Epoxy
Laminates. Journal of Composite Materials. 2002;36(12):1505-1526. doi:10.1177/0021998302036012163
19. Tita S, Medeiros R, Tarpani J, Frollini E, Tita V. Chemical modification of sugarcane bagasse and sisal fibers using hydroxymethylated
lignin: Influence on impact strength and water absorption of phenolic composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2018;52(20):2743-
2753. doi:10.1177/0021998317753886
20. Vallo C, Kenny JM, Vazquez A, Cyras VP. Effect of Chemical Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Starch-Based Blends Reinforced
with Sisal Fibre. Journal of Composite Materials. 2004;38(16):1387-1399. doi:10.1177/0021998304042738
21. Jacob M, Thomas S, Varughese KT. Novel Woven Sisal Fabric Reinforced Natural Rubber Composites: Tensile and Swelling
Characteristics. Journal of Composite Materials. 2006;40(16):1471-1485. doi:10.1177/0021998306059731
22. Saxena M, Morchhale RK, Asokan P, Prasad BK. Plant Fiber — Industrial Waste Reinforced Polymer Composites as a Potential Wood
Substitute Material. Journal of Composite Materials. 2008;42(4):367-384. doi:10.1177/0021998307087014
23. Das D, Mukhopadhyay S, Kaur H. Optimization of fiber composition in natural fiber-reinforced composites using a simplex lattice design.
Journal of Composite Materials. 2012;46(26):3311-3319. doi:10.1177/0021998312437801
24. Pengfei N, Xiaojun W, Baoying L, Shengru L, Jie Y. Melting and nonisothermal crystallization behavior of polypropylene/hemp fiber
composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2011;46(2):203-210. doi:10.1177/0021998311410494
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